Table of Contents
Preface 1
Chapter 1: Getting Started with GLSL 4.0 5
Introduction 6
Using the GLEW Library to access the latest OpenGL functionality 8
Using the GLM library for mathematics 10
Determining the GLSL and OpenGL version 13
Compiling a shader 15
Linking a shader program 18
Sending data to a shader using per-vertex attributes and vertex buffer objects 22
Getting a list of active vertex input attributes and indices 29
Sending data to a shader using uniform variables 31
Getting a list of active uniform variables 35
Using uniform blocks and uniform buffer objects 37
Building a C++ shader program class 43
Chapter 2: The Basics of GLSL Shaders 47
Introduction 47
Implementing diffuse, per-vertex shading with a single point light source 50
Implementing per-vertex ambient, diffuse, and specular (ADS) shading 55
Using functions in shaders 62
Implementing two-sided shading 65
Implementing flat shading 69
Using subroutines to select shader functionality 71
Discarding fragments to create a perforated look 76
Chapter 3: Lighting, Shading Effects, and Optimizations 81
Introduction 81
Shading with multiple positional lights 82
Shading with a directional light source 84
Using per-fragment shading for improved realism 88
Table of Contents
Using the halfway vector for improved performance 91
Simulating a spotlight 94
Creating a cartoon shading effect 97
Simulating fog 100
Chapter 4: Using Textures 105
Introduction 105
Applying a 2D texture 106
Applying multiple textures 111
Using alpha maps to discard pixels 114
Using normal maps 116
Simulating reflection with cube maps 123
Simulating refraction with cube maps 130
Image-based lighting 135
Applying a projected texture 138
Rendering to a texture 143
Chapter 5: Image Processing and Screen Space Techniques 149
Introduction 149
Applying an edge detection filter 150
Applying a Gaussian blur filter 157
Creating a "bloom" effect 164
Using gamma correction to improve image quality 170
Using multisample anti-aliasing 173
Using deferred shading 179
Chapter 6: Using Geometry and Tessellation Shaders 187
Introduction 187
Point sprites with the geometry shader 192
Drawing a wireframe on top of a shaded mesh 198
Drawing silhouette lines using the geometry shader 205
Tessellating a curve 214
Tessellating a 2D quad 220
Tessellating a 3D surface 225
Tessellating based on depth 230
Chapter 7: Shadows 235
Introduction 235
Rendering shadows with shadow maps 236
Anti-aliasing shadow edges with PCF 247
Creating soft shadow edges with random sampling 251
Improving realism with prebaked ambient occlusion 258
Table of Contents
Chapter 8: Using Noise in Shaders 263
Introduction 263
Creating a noise texture using libnoise 265
Creating a seamless noise texture 269
Creating a cloud-like effect 272
Creating a wood grain effect 275
Creating a disintegration effect 279
Creating a paint-spatter effect 281
Creating a night-vision effect 284
Chapter 9: Animation and Particles 289
Introduction 289
Animating a surface with vertex displacement 290
Creating a particle fountain 293
Creating a particle system using transform feedback 299
Creating a particle system using instanced particles 308
Simulating fire with particles 312
Simulating smoke with particles 314
Index 317